﻿{"id":14224,"date":"2025-06-30T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/?p=14224"},"modified":"2025-06-14T12:03:24","modified_gmt":"2025-06-14T10:03:24","slug":"mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/","title":{"rendered":"Mapas de calor y mapas de puntos calientes en QGIS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mapas_de_calor_y_mapas_de_hotspots_en_QGIS_entender_las_diferencias\"><\/span>Mapas de calor y mapas de hotspots en QGIS: entender las diferencias<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>En el an\u00e1lisis espacial, los mapas t\u00e9rmicos y los mapas de hotspots son dos potentes t\u00e9cnicas para revelar concentraciones o \u00e1reas de inter\u00e9s a partir de datos geogr\u00e1ficos. Aunque su apariencia puede ser similar &#8211; \u00e1reas coloreadas que sugieren densidades o puntos calientes &#8211; se basan en l\u00f3gicas diferentes y sirven a prop\u00f3sitos distintos.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contenu <\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Mapas_de_calor_y_mapas_de_hotspots_en_QGIS_entender_las_diferencias\" >Mapas de calor y mapas de hotspots en QGIS: entender las diferencias<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Mapas_de_calor_visualizacion_de_la_densidad_bruta\" >Mapas de calor: visualizaci\u00f3n de la densidad bruta<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Caracteristicas\" >Caracter\u00edsticas:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Mapas_de_puntos_calientes_identificacion_de_conglomerados_estadisticamente_significativos\" >Mapas de puntos calientes: identificaci\u00f3n de conglomerados estad\u00edsticamente significativos<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Caracteristicas-2\" >Caracter\u00edsticas:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Similitudes_y_diferencias\" >Similitudes y diferencias<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Tutorial_QGIS_%E2%80%93_Mapas_de_calor_y_Hotspots\" >Tutorial QGIS &#8211; Mapas de calor y Hotspots<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#PARTE_1_Creacion_de_un_Mapa_de_Calor\" >PARTE 1: Creaci\u00f3n de un Mapa de Calor<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Objetivo_Visualizar_la_densidad_de_puntos_en_forma_de_raster_coloreado\" >Objetivo: Visualizar la densidad de puntos en forma de raster coloreado<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Pasos\" >Pasos :<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#PARTE_2_Creacion_de_un_mapa_de_puntos_calientes_concentraciones_significativas\" >PARTE 2: Creaci\u00f3n de un mapa de puntos calientes (concentraciones significativas)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Objetivo_identificar_las_zonas_en_las_que_la_densidad_de_puntos_es_significativamente_alta\" >Objetivo: identificar las zonas en las que la densidad de puntos es significativamente alta<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/es\/mapas-de-calor-y-mapas-de-puntos-calientes-en-qgis\/#Metodo_sencillo_agregacion_calculo\" >M\u00e9todo sencillo (agregaci\u00f3n + c\u00e1lculo)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mapas_de_calor_visualizacion_de_la_densidad_bruta\"><\/span>Mapas de calor: visualizaci\u00f3n de la densidad bruta<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Los mapas de calor, generados por la herramienta Kernel Density Estimation de QGIS, muestran la densidad de puntos en un espacio determinado. No tienen en cuenta los atributos de las caracter\u00edsticas (a menos que se utilice un campo de ponderaci\u00f3n), sino simplemente la proximidad espacial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Su uso t\u00edpico es visualizar d\u00f3nde se concentran sucesos como accidentes de tr\u00e1fico, infracciones o llamadas de emergencia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caracteristicas\"><\/span>Caracter\u00edsticas:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Salida: trama continua (imagen) en la que cada p\u00edxel representa una densidad.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Par\u00e1metros clave: radio de b\u00fasqueda, tama\u00f1o del p\u00edxel, campo de ponderaci\u00f3n (opcional).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u00e9todo puramente descriptivo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mapas_de_puntos_calientes_identificacion_de_conglomerados_estadisticamente_significativos\"><\/span>Mapas de puntos calientes: identificaci\u00f3n de conglomerados estad\u00edsticamente significativos<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Los mapas de puntos calientes utilizan el an\u00e1lisis estad\u00edstico espacial para detectar grupos de valores anormalmente altos (puntos calientes) o bajos (puntos fr\u00edos). En QGIS, esto se hace utilizando la herramienta de an\u00e1lisis de conglomerados y valores at\u00edpicos (Anselin Local Moran&rsquo;s I) o el complemento de an\u00e1lisis de puntos calientes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Su uso t\u00edpico es identificar los barrios en los que se producen muchos m\u00e1s robos que en las zonas vecinas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caracteristicas-2\"><\/span>Caracter\u00edsticas:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Salida: capa vectorial o raster con tipolog\u00eda (hotspot, coldspot, insignificante).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Requiere un campo de valor (n\u00famero de casos, tasa, etc.).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u00e9todo estad\u00edstico \u2192 interpretaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s robusta, pero tambi\u00e9n m\u00e1s exigente.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Similitudes_y_diferencias\"><\/span>Similitudes y diferencias<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Criterios<\/th><th>Heatmap<\/th><th>Mapa de Hotspots<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Datos de entrada<\/td><td>Puntos (o eventos puntuales)<\/td><td>Puntos o pol\u00edgonos con atributos<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Resultado<\/td><td>Densidad raster<\/td><td>Mapa tem\u00e1tico (tipolog\u00eda)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M\u00e9todo<\/td><td>Descriptivo<\/td><td>Estad\u00edstico (cluster significativo)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Uso principal<\/td><td>Visualizaci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida<\/td><td>An\u00e1lisis en profundidad<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Toma en cuenta de los valores<\/td><td>Opcional (campo ponderado)<\/td><td>Obligatorio (campo a analizar)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Herramientas en QGIS<\/td><td>Densidad por kernel<\/td><td>Anselin Local Moran \/ Plugins<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Este es un tutorial paso a paso para crear un mapa de calor y un mapa de puntos calientes en QGIS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tutorial_QGIS_%E2%80%93_Mapas_de_calor_y_Hotspots\"><\/span>Tutorial QGIS &#8211; Mapas de calor y Hotspots<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PARTE_1_Creacion_de_un_Mapa_de_Calor\"><\/span>PARTE 1: Creaci\u00f3n de un Mapa de Calor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Objetivo_Visualizar_la_densidad_de_puntos_en_forma_de_raster_coloreado\"><\/span>Objetivo: Visualizar la densidad de puntos en forma de raster coloreado<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pasos\"><\/span>Pasos :<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cargar la capa de puntos\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Men\u00fa: Capas &gt; A\u00f1adir una capa &gt; A\u00f1adir una capa vectorial<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cargue el archivo que contiene los puntos (por ejemplo, ecoles.geojson)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Abra la herramienta \u00ab\u00a0Crear un mapa de calor\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Men\u00fa: Tratamientos &gt; Caja de herramientas &gt; Interpolaci\u00f3n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Busque \u00abMapa de calor (Estimaci\u00f3n del n\u00facleo)\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Configure la herramienta\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Entrada: su capa de puntos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Campo de ponderaci\u00f3n: d\u00e9jelo vac\u00edo o elija un campo si sus puntos tienen un valor (por ejemplo, n\u00famero de alertas)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tipo de n\u00facleo: cuadr\u00e1tico<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Radio de b\u00fasqueda: 1500 m (a adaptar a sus necesidades)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Resoluci\u00f3n raster: 10 o 20 m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nombre del archivo de salida: heatmap.tif<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Iniciar el tratamiento<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Estilizar el mapa de calor\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Haga clic con el bot\u00f3n derecho en la capa rasterizada &gt; Propiedades &gt; Simbolog\u00eda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tipo de renderizado: Pseudocolor de banda \u00fanica<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elija un gradiente de color (Rojos, Viridis, Inferno, etc.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interpolaci\u00f3n: Lineal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ajuste los valores m\u00ednimo\/m\u00e1ximo si es necesario<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resultado<\/strong>: un mapa continuo en el que las zonas amarillas indican una alta densidad de puntos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"311\" data-attachment-id=\"14192\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/heatmap\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?fit=1664%2C810&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1664,810\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"heatmap\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?fit=640%2C311&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?resize=640%2C311&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?resize=1024%2C498&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?resize=300%2C146&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?resize=768%2C374&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?resize=1536%2C748&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?w=1664&amp;ssl=1 1664w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PARTE_2_Creacion_de_un_mapa_de_puntos_calientes_concentraciones_significativas\"><\/span>PARTE 2: Creaci\u00f3n de un mapa de puntos calientes (concentraciones significativas)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Objetivo_identificar_las_zonas_en_las_que_la_densidad_de_puntos_es_significativamente_alta\"><\/span>Objetivo: identificar las zonas en las que la densidad de puntos es significativamente alta<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Metodo_sencillo_agregacion_calculo\"><\/span>M\u00e9todo sencillo (agregaci\u00f3n + c\u00e1lculo)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Crear una cuadr\u00edcula regular<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Men\u00fa: Tratamientos &gt; Caja de herramientas &gt; Crear una cuadr\u00edcula<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tipo de cuadr\u00edcula: cuadrada o hexagonal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tama\u00f1o: 500 m (adaptar a su escala)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Extensi\u00f3n: utilice la cobertura de su capa de puntos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"504\" data-attachment-id=\"14193\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/grillehotspot\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?fit=746%2C588&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"746,588\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"grillehotspot\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?fit=640%2C504&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?resize=640%2C504&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?w=746&amp;ssl=1 746w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?resize=300%2C236&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"419\" data-attachment-id=\"14194\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/grillehotspotcarte\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?fit=1236%2C810&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1236,810\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"grillehotspotcarte\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?fit=640%2C419&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=640%2C419&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=1024%2C671&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=300%2C197&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=768%2C503&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=241%2C158&amp;ssl=1 241w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=264%2C172&amp;ssl=1 264w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?w=1236&amp;ssl=1 1236w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>2 &#8211; Contar puntos por celda<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Men\u00fa: Vector &gt; Herramientas de an\u00e1lisis &gt; Puntos en pol\u00edgonos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pol\u00edgonos: la cuadr\u00edcula<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Puntos: su capa de puntos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Campo de salida: nb_points<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"504\" data-attachment-id=\"14195\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/hotspot_nbpoints\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?fit=751%2C591&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"751,591\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"hotspot_nbpoints\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?fit=640%2C504&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?resize=640%2C504&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?w=751&amp;ssl=1 751w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?resize=300%2C236&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Calcular valores normalizados (puntuaci\u00f3n Z simplificada)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Abra la tabla de atributos de la cuadr\u00edcula con nb_points<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inicie la calculadora de campos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cree un campo zscore con: (\u00abnb_points\u00bb &#8211; mean(\u201cnb_points\u201d)) \/ stdev(\u00abnb_points\u00bb)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"313\" data-attachment-id=\"14196\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/hotspot_zscore\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?fit=1036%2C507&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1036,507\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"hotspot_zscore\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?fit=640%2C313&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?resize=640%2C313&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?resize=1024%2C501&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?resize=300%2C147&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?resize=768%2C376&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?w=1036&amp;ssl=1 1036w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>4 Estilizar el mapa de puntos calientes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bot\u00f3n derecho del rat\u00f3n &gt; Propiedades &gt; Simbolog\u00eda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Modo: Graduado<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Campo: zscore<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Paleta: rojo \u2192 azul (\u00e1reas rojas = puntos calientes)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ordenar por cuantiles o intervalos iguales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resultado<\/strong>: una cuadr\u00edcula coloreada que indica d\u00f3nde la densidad est\u00e1 por encima o por debajo de la media.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"438\" data-attachment-id=\"14197\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/hotspot_final\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?fit=1145%2C783&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1145,783\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"hotspot_final\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?fit=640%2C438&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?resize=640%2C438&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?resize=1024%2C700&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?resize=300%2C205&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?resize=768%2C525&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?w=1145&amp;ssl=1 1145w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mapas de calor y mapas de hotspots en QGIS: entender las diferencias En el an\u00e1lisis espacial, los mapas t\u00e9rmicos y los mapas de hotspots son dos potentes t\u00e9cnicas para revelar concentraciones o \u00e1reas de inter\u00e9s 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