﻿{"id":14225,"date":"2025-07-04T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-04T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/?p=14225"},"modified":"2025-06-14T12:03:47","modified_gmt":"2025-06-14T10:03:47","slug":"mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/","title":{"rendered":"Mapas de calor e mapas de hotspots no QGIS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mapas_de_calor_e_mapas_de_hotspots_no_QGIS_entendendo_as_diferencas\"><\/span>Mapas de calor e mapas de hotspots no QGIS: entendendo as diferen\u00e7as<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Na an\u00e1lise espacial, os mapas de calor e os mapas de hotspots s\u00e3o duas t\u00e9cnicas poderosas para revelar concentra\u00e7\u00f5es ou \u00e1reas de interesse a partir de dados geogr\u00e1ficos. Embora sua apar\u00eancia possa ser semelhante &#8211; \u00e1reas coloridas que sugerem densidades ou pontos de acesso -, eles se baseiam em l\u00f3gicas diferentes e t\u00eam finalidades distintas.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contenu <\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Mapas_de_calor_e_mapas_de_hotspots_no_QGIS_entendendo_as_diferencas\" >Mapas de calor e mapas de hotspots no QGIS: entendendo as diferen\u00e7as<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Mapas_de_calor_visualizando_a_densidade_bruta\" >Mapas de calor: visualizando a densidade bruta<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Caracteristicas\" >Caracter\u00edsticas:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Mapas_de_pontos_criticos_identificacao_de_grupos_estatisticamente_significativos\" >Mapas de pontos cr\u00edticos: identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de grupos estatisticamente significativos<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Recursos\" >Recursos:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Semelhancas_e_diferencas\" >Semelhan\u00e7as e diferen\u00e7as<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Tutorial_QGIS_%E2%80%93_Mapas_de_calor_e_pontos_de_acesso\" >Tutorial QGIS &#8211; Mapas de calor e pontos de acesso<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#PARTE_1_Criando_um_mapa_de_calor\" >PARTE 1: Criando um mapa de calor<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Objetivo_Visualizar_a_densidade_de_pontos_na_forma_de_um_raster_colorido\" >Objetivo: Visualizar a densidade de pontos na forma de um raster colorido<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Etapas\" >Etapas:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#PARTE_2_Criacao_de_um_mapa_de_hotspots_concentracoes_significativas\" >PARTE 2: Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um mapa de hotspots (concentra\u00e7\u00f5es significativas)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Objetivo_Identificar_areas_em_que_a_densidade_de_pontos_e_significativamente_alta\" >Objetivo: Identificar \u00e1reas em que a densidade de pontos \u00e9 significativamente alta<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/pt\/mapas-de-calor-e-mapas-de-hotspots-no-qgis\/#Metodo_simples_agregacao_calculo\" >M\u00e9todo simples (agrega\u00e7\u00e3o + c\u00e1lculo)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mapas_de_calor_visualizando_a_densidade_bruta\"><\/span>Mapas de calor: visualizando a densidade bruta<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Os mapas de calor, gerados pela ferramenta Kernel Density Estimation no QGIS, exibem a densidade de pontos em um determinado espa\u00e7o. Eles n\u00e3o levam em conta os atributos dos recursos (a menos que um campo de pondera\u00e7\u00e3o seja usado), mas simplesmente a proximidade espacial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seu uso t\u00edpico \u00e9 visualizar onde se concentram eventos como acidentes de tr\u00e2nsito, infra\u00e7\u00f5es ou chamadas de emerg\u00eancia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caracteristicas\"><\/span>Caracter\u00edsticas:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sa\u00edda: rasteriza\u00e7\u00e3o cont\u00ednua (imagem) em que cada pixel representa uma densidade.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Par\u00e2metros principais: raio de pesquisa, tamanho do pixel, campo de pondera\u00e7\u00e3o (opcional).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u00e9todo puramente descritivo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mapas_de_pontos_criticos_identificacao_de_grupos_estatisticamente_significativos\"><\/span>Mapas de pontos cr\u00edticos: identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de grupos estatisticamente significativos<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Os mapas de pontos cr\u00edticos usam a an\u00e1lise estat\u00edstica espacial para detectar grupos de valores anormalmente altos (pontos cr\u00edticos) ou baixos (pontos frios). No QGIS, isso \u00e9 feito usando a ferramenta Cluster and Outlier Analysis (Anselin Local Moran&rsquo;s I) ou o plug-in Hotspot Analysis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seu uso t\u00edpico \u00e9 identificar bairros onde h\u00e1 um n\u00famero significativamente maior de roubos do que nas \u00e1reas vizinhas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recursos\"><\/span>Recursos:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sa\u00edda: camada vetorial ou rasterizada com tipologia (hotspot, coldspot, insignificante).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Requer um campo de valor (n\u00famero de casos, taxa, etc.).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u00e9todo estat\u00edstico \u2192 interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o mais robusta, mas tamb\u00e9m mais exigente.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Semelhancas_e_diferencas\"><\/span>Semelhan\u00e7as e diferen\u00e7as<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Crit\u00e9riosHeatmapMapa de pontos cr\u00edticosDados de entradaPontos (ou eventos pontuais)Pontos ou pol\u00edgonos com atributosResultadoDensidade rasterMapa tem\u00e1tico (tipologia)M\u00e9todoDescritivoEstat\u00edstico (cluster significativo)Uso principalVisualiza\u00e7\u00e3o r\u00e1pidaAn\u00e1lise aprofundadaLevando em conta os valoresOpcional (campo ponderado)Obrigat\u00f3rio (campo a ser analisado)Ferramentas no QGISDensidade por kernelAnselin Local Moran \/ Plugins<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Crit\u00e9rios<\/th><th>Heatmap<\/th><th>Mapa de Hotspots<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Dados de entrada<\/td><td>Pontos (ou eventos pontuais)<\/td><td>Pontos ou pol\u00edgonos com atributos<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Resultado<\/td><td>Densidade raster<\/td><td>Mapa tem\u00e1tico (tipologia)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M\u00e9todo<\/td><td>Descritivo<\/td><td>Estat\u00edstico (cluster significativo)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Uso principal<\/td><td>Visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o r\u00e1pida<\/td><td>An\u00e1lise aprofundada<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Levando em conta os valores<\/td><td>Opcional (campo ponderado)<\/td><td>Obrigat\u00f3rio (campo a ser analisado)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ferramentas no QGIS<\/td><td>Densidade por kernel<\/td><td>Anselin Local Moran \/ Plugins<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Este \u00e9 um tutorial passo a passo para criar um mapa de calor e um mapa de hotspot no QGIS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tutorial_QGIS_%E2%80%93_Mapas_de_calor_e_pontos_de_acesso\"><\/span>Tutorial QGIS &#8211; Mapas de calor e pontos de acesso<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PARTE_1_Criando_um_mapa_de_calor\"><\/span>PARTE 1: Criando um mapa de calor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Objetivo_Visualizar_a_densidade_de_pontos_na_forma_de_um_raster_colorido\"><\/span>Objetivo: Visualizar a densidade de pontos na forma de um raster colorido<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Etapas\"><\/span>Etapas:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Carregar a camada de pontos\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Menu: Layers &gt; Add a layer &gt; Add a vector layer (Camadas &gt; Adicionar uma camada &gt; Adicionar uma camada vetorial)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Carregue o arquivo que cont\u00e9m os pontos (por exemplo, ecoles.geojson)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Abra a ferramenta \u201cCreate a heat map\u201d (Criar um mapa de calor)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Menu: Treatments &gt; Toolbox &gt; Interpolation (Tratamentos &gt; Caixa de ferramentas &gt; Interpola\u00e7\u00e3o)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pesquise \u201cMapa de calor (estimativa de n\u00facleo)\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Configure a ferramenta\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Entrada: sua camada de pontos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Campo de pondera\u00e7\u00e3o: deixe em branco ou escolha um campo se seus pontos tiverem um valor (por exemplo, n\u00famero de alertas)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tipo de n\u00facleo: quadr\u00e1tico<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Raio de pesquisa: 1500 m (a ser adaptado \u00e0s suas necessidades)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Resolu\u00e7\u00e3o raster: 10 ou 20 m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nome do arquivo de sa\u00edda: heatmap.tif<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Iniciar o processamento<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Estilizar o mapa de calor\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Clique com o bot\u00e3o direito do mouse na camada rasterizada &gt; Properties &gt; Symbology (Propriedades &gt; Simbologia)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tipo de renderiza\u00e7\u00e3o: pseudocor de banda \u00fanica<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Escolha um gradiente de cor (Reds, Viridis, Inferno, etc.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interpola\u00e7\u00e3o: Linear<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ajuste os valores m\u00ednimo\/m\u00e1ximo, se necess\u00e1rio<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resultado<\/strong>: um mapa cont\u00ednuo em que as \u00e1reas amarelas indicam uma alta densidade de pontos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"311\" data-attachment-id=\"14192\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/heatmap\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?fit=1664%2C810&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1664,810\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"heatmap\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?fit=640%2C311&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?resize=640%2C311&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?resize=1024%2C498&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?resize=300%2C146&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?resize=768%2C374&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?resize=1536%2C748&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?w=1664&amp;ssl=1 1664w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/heatmap.jpg?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PARTE_2_Criacao_de_um_mapa_de_hotspots_concentracoes_significativas\"><\/span>PARTE 2: Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um mapa de hotspots (concentra\u00e7\u00f5es significativas)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Objetivo_Identificar_areas_em_que_a_densidade_de_pontos_e_significativamente_alta\"><\/span>Objetivo: Identificar \u00e1reas em que a densidade de pontos \u00e9 significativamente alta<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Metodo_simples_agregacao_calculo\"><\/span>M\u00e9todo simples (agrega\u00e7\u00e3o + c\u00e1lculo)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>1.Criar uma grade regular<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Menu: Treatments &gt; Toolbox &gt; Create a grid (Tratamentos &gt; Caixa de ferramentas &gt; Criar uma grade)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tipo de grade: quadrada ou hexagonal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tamanho: 500 m (adapte \u00e0 sua escala)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Extens\u00e3o: use a cobertura de sua camada de pontos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"504\" data-attachment-id=\"14193\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/grillehotspot\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?fit=746%2C588&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"746,588\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"grillehotspot\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?fit=640%2C504&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?resize=640%2C504&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?w=746&amp;ssl=1 746w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspot.jpg?resize=300%2C236&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"419\" data-attachment-id=\"14194\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/grillehotspotcarte\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?fit=1236%2C810&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1236,810\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"grillehotspotcarte\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?fit=640%2C419&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=640%2C419&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=1024%2C671&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=300%2C197&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=768%2C503&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=241%2C158&amp;ssl=1 241w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?resize=264%2C172&amp;ssl=1 264w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/grillehotspotcarte.jpg?w=1236&amp;ssl=1 1236w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>2 &#8211; Contar pontos por c\u00e9lula<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Menu: Vector &gt; Analysis tools &gt; Points in polygons (Vetor &gt; Ferramentas de an\u00e1lise &gt; Pontos em pol\u00edgonos)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pol\u00edgonos: a grade<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pontos: sua camada de pontos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Campo de sa\u00edda: nb_points<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"504\" data-attachment-id=\"14195\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/hotspot_nbpoints\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?fit=751%2C591&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"751,591\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"hotspot_nbpoints\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?fit=640%2C504&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?resize=640%2C504&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?w=751&amp;ssl=1 751w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_nbpoints.jpg?resize=300%2C236&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Calcular valores padronizados (Z-score simplificado)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Abra a tabela de atributos da grade com nb_points<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Iniciar a calculadora de campo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Crie um campo zscore com: (\u201cnb_points\u201d &#8211; mean(\u2018nb_points\u2019)) \/ stdev(\u201cnb_points\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"313\" data-attachment-id=\"14196\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/hotspot_zscore\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?fit=1036%2C507&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1036,507\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"hotspot_zscore\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?fit=640%2C313&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?resize=640%2C313&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?resize=1024%2C501&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?resize=300%2C147&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?resize=768%2C376&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_zscore.jpg?w=1036&amp;ssl=1 1036w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>4 Estilizar o mapa de hotspot<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Clique com o bot\u00e3o direito do mouse &gt; Properties &gt; Symbology (Propriedades &gt; Simbologia)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Modo: Graduado<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Campo: zscore<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Paleta: vermelho \u2192 azul (\u00e1reas vermelhas = hotspots)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Classificar por quantis ou intervalos iguais<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resultado<\/strong>: uma grade colorida indicando onde a densidade est\u00e1 acima ou abaixo da m\u00e9dia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"438\" data-attachment-id=\"14197\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/heatmaps-et-cartes-de-hotspots-dans-qgis\/hotspot_final\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?fit=1145%2C783&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1145,783\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"hotspot_final\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?fit=640%2C438&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?resize=640%2C438&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?resize=1024%2C700&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?resize=300%2C205&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?resize=768%2C525&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/hotspot_final.jpg?w=1145&amp;ssl=1 1145w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mapas de calor e mapas de hotspots no QGIS: entendendo as diferen\u00e7as Na an\u00e1lise espacial, os mapas de calor e os mapas de hotspots s\u00e3o duas t\u00e9cnicas poderosas para revelar concentra\u00e7\u00f5es ou \u00e1reas de interesse 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