﻿{"id":16584,"date":"2026-04-07T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/?p=16584"},"modified":"2026-03-15T16:38:51","modified_gmt":"2026-03-15T15:38:51","slug":"epsg-4326-vs-3857","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/","title":{"rendered":"[FR]EPSG:4326 vs EPSG:3857 : comprendre la diff\u00e9rence entre les deux syst\u00e8mes les plus utilis\u00e9s en SIG"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Lorsque l\u2019on travaille avec des donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques dans QGIS ou dans des applications web, deux syst\u00e8mes de coordonn\u00e9es reviennent tr\u00e8s souvent : <strong>EPSG:4326<\/strong> et <strong>EPSG:3857<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces deux syst\u00e8mes sont utilis\u00e9s dans de nombreux contextes, mais ils ne repr\u00e9sentent pas les coordonn\u00e9es de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans cet article, nous allons voir :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ce que sont <strong>EPSG:4326 et EPSG:3857<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>quelles sont leurs diff\u00e9rences<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dans quels cas utiliser l\u2019un ou l\u2019autre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contenu <\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#1_Quest-ce_quun_code_EPSG\" >1. Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un code EPSG ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#2_EPSG_4326_coordonnees_latitude_longitude\" >2. EPSG:4326 : coordonn\u00e9es latitude \/ longitude<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#3_EPSG_3857_la_projection_Web_Mercator\" >3. EPSG:3857 : la projection Web Mercator<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#4_Les_differences_principales\" >4. Les diff\u00e9rences principales<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#5_Utilisation_dans_QGIS\" >5. Utilisation dans QGIS<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#EPSG_4326\" >EPSG:4326<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#EPSG_3857\" >EPSG:3857<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#6_FAQ\" >6. FAQ<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#Les_donnees_ne_salignent_pas_avec_le_fond_de_carte\" >Les donn\u00e9es ne s\u2019alignent pas avec le fond de carte<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#Les_coordonnees_semblent_incorrectes\" >Les coordonn\u00e9es semblent incorrectes<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/epsg-4326-vs-3857\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Quest-ce_quun_code_EPSG\"><\/span>1. Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un code EPSG ?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Un <strong>code EPSG<\/strong> identifie un syst\u00e8me de coordonn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces codes sont d\u00e9finis par l\u2019<strong>EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset<\/strong>, une base de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence utilis\u00e9e dans les logiciels SIG.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chaque code correspond \u00e0 un <strong>syst\u00e8me de coordonn\u00e9es pr\u00e9cis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Par exemple :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Code<\/th><th>Description<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>EPSG:4326<\/td><td>WGS84 \u2013 latitude et longitude<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EPSG:3857<\/td><td>Web Mercator \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/projection-qgis-crs\/\">projection<\/a> utilis\u00e9e pour les cartes web<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EPSG:2154<\/td><td>Lambert 93<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_EPSG_4326_coordonnees_latitude_longitude\"><\/span>2. EPSG:4326 : coordonn\u00e9es latitude \/ longitude<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Le syst\u00e8me <strong>EPSG:4326<\/strong> est bas\u00e9 sur le syst\u00e8me g\u00e9od\u00e9sique <strong>WGS84<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les coordonn\u00e9es sont exprim\u00e9es en :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>latitude<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>longitude<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Les unit\u00e9s sont <strong>des degr\u00e9s<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exemple :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Latitude : -20.3484\nLongitude : 57.5522\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce syst\u00e8me est utilis\u00e9 par :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>les GPS<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>de nombreuses bases de donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>les fichiers GeoJSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_EPSG_3857_la_projection_Web_Mercator\"><\/span>3. EPSG:3857 : la projection Web Mercator<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Le syst\u00e8me <strong>EPSG:3857<\/strong> est une projection appel\u00e9e <strong>Web Mercator<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les coordonn\u00e9es sont exprim\u00e9es en <strong>m\u00e8tres<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exemple :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>X : 6404700\nY : -2309000\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette projection est utilis\u00e9e par la plupart des cartes web :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>OpenStreetMap<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Google Maps<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/tutoriel-leaflet\/\">Leaflet<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OpenLayers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Les_differences_principales\"><\/span>4. Les diff\u00e9rences principales<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>EPSG:4326<\/th><th>EPSG:3857<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>coordonn\u00e9es en degr\u00e9s<\/td><td>coordonn\u00e9es en m\u00e8tres<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>latitude \/ longitude<\/td><td>projection plane<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>utilis\u00e9 pour les donn\u00e9es GPS<\/td><td>utilis\u00e9 pour les cartes web<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>adapt\u00e9 au stockage des donn\u00e9es<\/td><td>adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019affichage cartographique<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Utilisation_dans_QGIS\"><\/span>5. Utilisation dans QGIS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans QGIS, ces deux syst\u00e8mes sont tr\u00e8s courants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"EPSG_4326\"><\/span>EPSG:4326<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Souvent utilis\u00e9 pour :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>importer des coordonn\u00e9es GPS<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stocker des donn\u00e9es<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>travailler avec des fichiers GeoJSON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"EPSG_3857\"><\/span>EPSG:3857<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Souvent utilis\u00e9 pour :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>afficher des fonds de carte web<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>travailler avec OpenStreetMap<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>publier des cartes web.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>QGIS peut reprojeter les couches <strong>\u00e0 la vol\u00e9e<\/strong> pour les afficher correctement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_FAQ\"><\/span>6. FAQ<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Les_donnees_ne_salignent_pas_avec_le_fond_de_carte\"><\/span>Les donn\u00e9es ne s\u2019alignent pas avec le fond de carte<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Cela signifie souvent que :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>votre couche est en <strong>EPSG:4326<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>votre projet est en <strong>EPSG:3857<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>QGIS peut corriger cela automatiquement si la reprojection \u00e0 la vol\u00e9e est activ\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Les_coordonnees_semblent_incorrectes\"><\/span>Les coordonn\u00e9es semblent incorrectes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Par exemple :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>X : -20\nY : 57\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces valeurs correspondent probablement \u00e0 des coordonn\u00e9es <strong>latitude \/ longitude<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>EPSG:4326 et EPSG:3857 sont deux syst\u00e8mes de coordonn\u00e9es tr\u00e8s utilis\u00e9s dans les SIG.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>EPSG:4326<\/strong> est adapt\u00e9 au stockage des coordonn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>EPSG:3857<\/strong> est utilis\u00e9 pour l\u2019affichage des cartes web.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Comprendre la diff\u00e9rence entre ces deux syst\u00e8mes permet d\u2019\u00e9viter de nombreux probl\u00e8mes de projection dans QGIS et dans les applications cartographiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lorsque l\u2019on travaille avec des donn\u00e9es g\u00e9ographiques dans QGIS ou dans des applications web, deux syst\u00e8mes de coordonn\u00e9es reviennent tr\u00e8s souvent : EPSG:4326 et EPSG:3857. Ces deux syst\u00e8mes sont utilis\u00e9s dans de nombreux contextes, mais ils&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16586,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"sfsi_plus_gutenberg_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_show_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_type":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_alignemt":"","sfsi_plus_gutenburg_max_per_row":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[62],"tags":[4551,4553,59,58,1901],"class_list":["post-16584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-qgis-2","tag-crs","tag-epsg","tag-projection","tag-qgis","tag-sig"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/epsg.jpg?fit=1012%2C580&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6XU0A-4ju","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16584"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16584\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}