﻿{"id":6044,"date":"2018-08-21T13:39:39","date_gmt":"2018-08-21T11:39:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/?p=6044"},"modified":"2023-04-18T05:07:52","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T03:07:52","slug":"calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/","title":{"rendered":"Calculer des moyennes locales sur des polygones de Vorono\u00ef avec Qgis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Les cartes de Vorono\u00ef sont construites \u00e0 partir d\u2019une s\u00e9rie de polygones form\u00e9s autour de l\u2019emplacement de chaque point d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage.<\/p>\r\n<p>Les polygones de Vorono\u00ef sont cr\u00e9\u00e9s de sorte que chaque emplacement dans un polygone soit plus proche du point d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage pr\u00e9sent dans ce polygone que de tout autre point d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dans l&rsquo;article\u00a0 sur <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/analyse-exploratoire-des-donnees-pour-la-geostatistiqueles-diagrammes-de-voronoi\/\">l&rsquo;analyse exploratoire des donn\u00e9es<\/a>, nous avons vu comment utiliser Geostatistical Analyst d&rsquo;ArcGis pour construire et analyser les polygones de Vorono\u00ef.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dans cet article nous verrons comment obtenir les m\u00eames r\u00e9sultats avec QGis.<!--more--><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La principale diff\u00e9rence entre les deux logiciels (ArcGis et QGis) r\u00e9side sur le fait que dans Geostatistical Analyst l&rsquo;outil calcule les polygones de Vorono\u00ef et propose leur affichage avec des statistiques locales. Le r\u00e9sultat est une carte th\u00e9matique o\u00f9 les polygones sont affich\u00e9s avec un d\u00e9grad\u00e9 de couleurs en fonction de la valeur local de la statistique choisie.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Par exemple, si on choisit l&rsquo;option \u00ab\u00a0moyenne\u00a0\u00bb, la couleur affect\u00e9e \u00e0 chaque polygone sera fonction de la moyenne d&rsquo;une colonne (\u00ab\u00a0Attribute\u00a0\u00bb)<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"561\" height=\"759\" data-attachment-id=\"3792\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/analyse-exploratoire-des-donnees-pour-la-geostatistiqueles-diagrammes-de-voronoi\/_s2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/s2.png?fit=561%2C759&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"561,759\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"_s2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/s2.png?fit=561%2C759&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-3792\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/s2.png?resize=561%2C759\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/s2.png?w=561&amp;ssl=1 561w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/s2.png?resize=222%2C300&amp;ssl=1 222w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans QGis, les outils de Vorono\u00ef se limitent au calcul des polygones. Il n&rsquo;existe pas d&rsquo;options permettant de calculer en m\u00eame temps des statistiques locales. Chaque polygone aura comme attributs les attributs du point le concernant, mais pour calculer les statistiques locales il faudra du travail suppl\u00e9mentaire.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il est possible de le faire de diff\u00e9rentes mani\u00e8res. Nous allons suivre ici une des proc\u00e9dures possibles, en utilisant une requ\u00eate SQL.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette proc\u00e9dure consiste en:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Calculer les polygones de Vorono\u00ef avec les outils de traitement de QGis<\/li>\r\n<li>Importer le r\u00e9sultat dans une base de donn\u00e9es (Sqlite ou Postgres)<\/li>\r\n<li>Ajouter un champ pour contenir la statistique locale souhait\u00e9e<\/li>\r\n<li>Ex\u00e9cuter une requ\u00eate SQL qui remplit ce champ<\/li>\r\n<li>Afficher la couche avec une th\u00e9matique d\u00e9finie sur ce champ<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Calculer les polygones de Vorono\u00ef avec les outils de traitement de QGis<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NOTA: la d\u00e9marche est la m\u00eame que ce soit avec la version 2.18 ou la 3.2 de QAGis<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vous avez deux outils qui vous permettent de calculer les polygones de Vorono\u00ef dans les traitements de QGis:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"307\" height=\"249\" data-attachment-id=\"6045\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_1.png?fit=307%2C249&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"307,249\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_1.png?fit=307%2C249&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6045\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_1.png?resize=307%2C249&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_1.png?w=307&amp;ssl=1 307w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_1.png?resize=300%2C243&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 307px) 100vw, 307px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un des outils appartient au groupe \u00ab\u00a0G\u00e9om\u00e9trie vectorielle\u00a0\u00bb, l&rsquo;autre fait partie des g\u00e9otraitements de GRASS.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vous pouvez les utiliser indiff\u00e9remment, mais pour ma part je pr\u00e9f\u00e8re celui de GRASS.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"352\" data-attachment-id=\"6046\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_2.png?fit=1280%2C703&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1280,703\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_2.png?fit=640%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6046\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_2.png?resize=640%2C352&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_2.png?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_2.png?resize=300%2C165&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_2.png?resize=768%2C422&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_2.png?resize=1024%2C562&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_2.png?resize=1200%2C659&amp;ssl=1 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enregistrez le r\u00e9sultat sous forme de fichier shape. Ceci vous permettra de charger plus facilement le fichier dans votre base de donn\u00e9es.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"402\" data-attachment-id=\"6047\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_3.png?fit=1120%2C704&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1120,704\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_3.png?fit=640%2C403&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6047\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_3.png?resize=640%2C402&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_3.png?w=1120&amp;ssl=1 1120w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_3.png?resize=300%2C189&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_3.png?resize=768%2C483&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_3.png?resize=1024%2C644&amp;ssl=1 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Importer le r\u00e9sultat dans une base de donn\u00e9es (Sqlite ou Postgres)<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour pouvoir utiliser les commandes spatiales sur votre couche nous allons la charger dans une base de donn\u00e9es permettant ce type d&rsquo;op\u00e9rations. Vous pouvez toujours cr\u00e9er et charger le shape dans une base Sqlite, fournie avec QGis. Ou vous pouvez, si vous avez install\u00e9 Postgresql sur votre machine, utiliser une base de donn\u00e9es <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/debuter-avec-postgrespostgis\/\">Postgresql\/Postgis<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour l&rsquo;importation, vous suivrez la m\u00eame d\u00e9marche quelle qu&rsquo;elle soit la base de donn\u00e9es choisie.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nota: Pour cr\u00e9er une base de donn\u00e9es Sqlite, vous allez dans le panneau <em><strong>Explorateur<\/strong> <\/em>de QGis, cliquez droit sur <strong>Spatialite<\/strong>, puis sur <strong>Create Database<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"363\" height=\"419\" data-attachment-id=\"6049\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_4\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_4.png?fit=363%2C419&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"363,419\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_4\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_4.png?fit=363%2C419&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6049\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_4.png?resize=363%2C419&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_4.png?w=363&amp;ssl=1 363w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_4.png?resize=260%2C300&amp;ssl=1 260w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 363px) 100vw, 363px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour importer votre fichier shape avec les polygones de Vorono\u00ef, vous allez utiliser le Gestionnaire de base de donn\u00e9es:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Allez dans le menu <strong>Bases de donn\u00e9es-&gt; DB Manager<\/strong> pour ouvrir la fen\u00eatre du gestionnaire de bases de donn\u00e9es.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Connectez vous \u00e0 la base de donn\u00e9es choisie<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Cliquez sur l&rsquo;outil <strong>Importer une couche\/un fichier<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"497\" data-attachment-id=\"6050\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_6\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_6.png?fit=939%2C729&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"939,729\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_6\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_6.png?fit=640%2C497&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6050\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_6.png?resize=640%2C497&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_6.png?w=939&amp;ssl=1 939w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_6.png?resize=300%2C233&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_6.png?resize=768%2C596&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pointez sur votre fichier shape et donnez un nom \u00e0 la table que vous souhaitez cr\u00e9er. Cliquez sur OK.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vous aurez un message vous indiquant que l&rsquo;import c&rsquo;est bien termin\u00e9.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ajouter un champ pour contenir la statistique locale souhait\u00e9e<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tout en restant dans le gestionnaire de bases de donn\u00e9es, s\u00e9lectionnez sur la fen\u00eatre \u00ab\u00a0<strong>Providers<\/strong>\u00a0\u00bb la table que vous venez de cr\u00e9er, puis dans le menu du gestionnaire allez sur <strong>Table-&gt;Edit Table<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"492\" data-attachment-id=\"6051\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_7\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_7.png?fit=693%2C533&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"693,533\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_7\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_7.png?fit=640%2C492&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6051\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_7.png?resize=640%2C492&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_7.png?w=693&amp;ssl=1 693w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_7.png?resize=300%2C231&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cliquez sur le bouton <strong>Ajouter une colonne<\/strong> et renseignez les caract\u00e9ristiques du champ que vous souhaitez calculer.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"463\" data-attachment-id=\"6052\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_8\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_8.png?fit=739%2C535&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"739,535\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_8\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_8.png?fit=640%2C463&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6052\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_8.png?resize=640%2C463&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_8.png?w=739&amp;ssl=1 739w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_8.png?resize=300%2C217&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans notre exemple nous allons calculer la moyenne du chaque polygone et de ses voisins imm\u00e9diats.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ex\u00e9cuter une requ\u00eate SQL qui remplit ce champ<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Avant de voir la syntaxe de la requ\u00eate, voyons ce que nous voulons calculer;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour chaque polygone on souhaite trouver les polygones qui ont un c\u00f4t\u00e9 commun avec lui, puis calculer la moyenne d&rsquo;un attribut pour cet ensemble (la valeur du polygone central plus les valeurs des polygones adjacents).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour une base Postgesql\/postgis, la requ\u00eate est la suivante<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>update <em>voronoi<\/em> vor<\/strong><br \/><strong>set moyenne= (SELECT sum(a.<em>parapen<\/em>)::real\/count(a.<em>parapen<\/em>)::real <\/strong><br \/><strong>FROM voronoi as a<\/strong><br \/><strong>JOIN voronoi as b<\/strong><br \/><strong>ON st_intersects((st_buffer(a.geom,0.00001)),b.geom) <\/strong><br \/><strong>where b.id =vor.id)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">o\u00f9 <em><strong>voronoi<\/strong> <\/em>est le nom de la table, <em><strong>parapen<\/strong> <\/em>est le nom de l&rsquo;attribut dont nous souhaitons la moyenne locale et <em><strong>geom<\/strong> <\/em>est le nom du champ g\u00e9om\u00e9trie de la table.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Remarquez les op\u00e9rateurs <em><strong>::real<\/strong><\/em> , indispensables pour que le r\u00e9sultat (la moyenne) soit un nombre r\u00e9el. Ici comme l&rsquo;attribut parapen est un champ entier, par d\u00e9faut le r\u00e9sultat est un entier sans partie d\u00e9cimale.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si vous utilisez une base Sqlite, la syntaxe devra \u00eatre adapt\u00e9e, car ce n&rsquo;est pas le m\u00eame SQL que postgres ( ::real doit \u00eatre remplac\u00e9 par la commande cast):<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>update voronoi<\/strong><br \/><strong>set moyenne=(<\/strong><br \/><strong>SELECT sum(cast(a.parapen as real))\/count(a.parapen)<\/strong><br \/><strong>FROM voronoi as a<\/strong><br \/><strong>JOIN voronoi as b<\/strong><br \/><strong>ON st_intersects((st_buffer(a.geom,0.00001)),b.geom) <\/strong><br \/><strong>where b.id =voronoi.id);<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"484\" data-attachment-id=\"6054\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_9\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_9.png?fit=949%2C717&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"949,717\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_9\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_9.png?fit=640%2C484&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6054\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_9.png?resize=640%2C484&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_9.png?w=949&amp;ssl=1 949w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_9.png?resize=300%2C227&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_9.png?resize=768%2C580&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En ouvrant la table vous pourrez constater que le champ <em><strong>Moyenne<\/strong> <\/em>est maintenant rempli.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"484\" data-attachment-id=\"6055\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_10\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_10.png?fit=957%2C723&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"957,723\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_10\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_10.png?fit=640%2C484&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6055\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_10.png?resize=640%2C484&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_10.png?w=957&amp;ssl=1 957w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_10.png?resize=300%2C227&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_10.png?resize=768%2C580&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Afficher la couche avec une th\u00e9matique d\u00e9finie sur ce champ<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si vous avez choisi l&rsquo;option Charger en tant que nouvelle couche, vous devriez voir la nouvelle couche calcul\u00e9e sur votre fen\u00eatre cartographique<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"369\" data-attachment-id=\"6056\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_11png\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_11png.png?fit=2331%2C1343&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2331,1343\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_11png\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_11png.png?fit=640%2C369&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6056\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_11png.png?resize=640%2C369&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_11png.png?w=2331&amp;ssl=1 2331w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_11png.png?resize=300%2C173&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_11png.png?resize=768%2C442&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_11png.png?resize=1024%2C590&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_11png.png?resize=1200%2C691&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_11png.png?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_11png.png?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il ne vous reste qu&rsquo;\u00e0 ouvrir la fen\u00eatre de propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de la couche et d\u00e9finir la symbologie que vous souhaitez pour repr\u00e9senter le champ <strong>Moyenne<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"393\" data-attachment-id=\"6057\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/calculer-des-moyennes-locales-sur-des-polygones-de-voronoi-avec-qgis\/a_12\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_12.png?fit=2247%2C1381&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2247,1381\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"a_12\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_12.png?fit=640%2C393&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-6057\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_12.png?resize=640%2C393&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_12.png?w=2247&amp;ssl=1 2247w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_12.png?resize=300%2C184&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_12.png?resize=768%2C472&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_12.png?resize=1024%2C629&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_12.png?resize=1200%2C738&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_12.png?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/a_12.png?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bien s\u00fbr, pour chaque type de statistique locale souhait\u00e9e, la requ\u00eate sql devra \u00eatre modifi\u00e9e en cons\u00e9quence.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les cartes de Vorono\u00ef sont construites \u00e0 partir d\u2019une s\u00e9rie de polygones form\u00e9s autour de l\u2019emplacement de chaque point d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage. Les polygones de Vorono\u00ef sont cr\u00e9\u00e9s de sorte que chaque emplacement dans un polygone soit plus&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"sfsi_plus_gutenberg_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_show_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_type":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_alignemt":"","sfsi_plus_gutenburg_max_per_row":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[152,311,62],"tags":[357,363,58,364],"class_list":["post-6044","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-outils_divers","category-postgresql","category-qgis-2","tag-analyse-exploratoire","tag-polygones","tag-qgis","tag-voronoi"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6XU0A-1zu","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6044","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6044"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6044\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6044"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6044"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sigterritoires.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6044"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}